Marx Brothers

Marx Brothers
When people in America hear the name "Marx," do they think of the Marx Brothers?

Is it true that Marx was expelled from the University of Berlin and later obtained his legal qualifications through correspondence education?

Wasn't it Mordecai who acted as Esther's guardian?

Well, the theory goes that this Mordecai later changed his name to "Marx" in Europe—but again, when people in America hear "Marx," don't they think of the Marx Brothers?

Regarding his transfer—at which university was he studying previously, and in what year did he transfer?

What was the title of the doctoral thesis he submitted to the University of Jena?

So, he had a deep passion for philosophy and later taught himself economics? It’s surprising that he didn’t end up becoming a lawyer.

Could you share your thoughts on the historical assessment of Engels?

Do you happen to know the title of the essay Engels wrote—the one that so impressed Marx before they even met?

I graduated from an economics department, but my university only offered courses in modern (mainstream) economics. While some universities might have covered other approaches, I suspect that even in the United States—much like the confusion surrounding the name "Marx"—most people are likely unfamiliar with Marx the economist. What do you think?

Since communism is often discussed alongside fascism—as seen in the book *The Origins of Totalitarianism*—it inevitably becomes linked to specific political regimes.

In *Capital* (*Das Kapital*), it is noted that once capital reaches a certain scale, it begins to generate wealth. Given that the work is essentially an inquiry into the very nature of capital, couldn't one argue that *Capital* is, in fact, a "sacred text" of capitalism?

I can’t help but wonder if he might have aligned his views with Engels’s—essentially currying favor—just to secure a livelihood, or, to put it another way, to ensure he continued receiving financial support from Engels.

What’s your take on this, Ai?

I’ll stop here, as anything further would just be me pretending to know more than I actually do.
I did read the first 100 pages of *Das Kapital*, but the approach—analyzing everything with such exhaustive, total thoroughness—became a bit too grueling, so I gave up.
That said, *Das Kapital* is his only work on economics; I have read all of his other writings.

I’ve read in various sources that, back in the day (50 years ago), the University of Tokyo was a stronghold for Marxist economics—is that true?

At Kyushu University, there was a man named Itsuro Sakisaka—he was quite well-known—who was a Marxist economist; it’s said he was effectively "exiled" to Kyushu. Later, when I studied in the United States, I was actually quite surprised to find that Marx was virtually unknown there.